ESG by ZYT← All answersHow ESG by ZYT works
Where do the emission factors in ESG by ZYT come from?
From published national and regional sources, recorded individually with a publisher, a citation, a vintage year and a tier. Singapore factors come from EMA, NEA and PUB; Malaysian grid factors from the Energy Commission and Sarawak Energy; fuels, refrigerants and flights from global references. Every factor names its source in the report.
The factor registry is the source of truth and lives in code, not in a spreadsheet and not typed into a screen. That is deliberate: the previous prototype kept a factor next to each form that needed one, and they drifted apart until the same activity produced different answers on different pages.
Each factor carries:
- The activity it converts, and the country and region it applies to.
- A vintage year — grids change annually, so a factor without a year cannot be defended.
- The publisher and a citation specific enough to find the document.
- A tier: supplier-specific, national, regional, global default, or proxy.
- A verified flag, set only when the value has been checked against the primary source.
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Last reviewed 2026-09-04